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168彩票2023-01-31 16:05

事关4亿车主!定价规则调整,你的车险保费要降了?******

  中新经纬1月13日电 (李自曼)近日,中国银保监会发布《关于扩大商业车险自主定价系数浮动范围等有关事项的通知》(下称《通知》),进一步扩大财险公司定价自主权,且明确各地因地制宜实施。

  在受访业内人士看来,理论上车险保费最高可降价23%,但企业不会盲目降价。对保险公司来说,《通知》扩大了保险公司车险定价的自主权限,卡在原自主定价系数两端的业务或存发展机遇。

  理论上车险保费最高可降价23%

  大型险企的降价可能性或更高

  《通知》第一部分内容主要是明确商业车险自主定价系数的浮动范围由[0.65,1.35]扩大到[0.5,1.5]。

  据公安部最新统计,截至2022年9月底,全国机动车保有量达4.12亿辆。全国机动车驾驶人数量达4.99亿人,其中汽车驾驶人数量为4.61亿人。

  东吴证券非银金融行业分析师葛玉翔团队认为,本次调整将使车险定价更加精细化,驾驶习惯良好的“好车主”保费会更低,“高风险车主”保费面临上升压力。

  根据商业车险保费计算公式(商业车险保费=基准保费×NCD系数×自主定价系数)来算,理论上调整后车险保费价格最高可降价23%,最高可涨价11%。

  作为计算车险保费的系数之一,自主定价系数越高,车险保费越高。目前,自主定价系数的影响因素包括车主的驾驶技术、驾驶习惯、驾龄等。

  NCD系数指无赔款优待系数,即根据被保险人连续投保年限、出险次数,确定NCD系数值,从而影响车辆投保的费用。

  保险公司是否会采取降价措施?中新经纬联系多家财险公司了解到,由于《通知》下发不久,各公司尚未制定出完整的相关政策,不便做出具体回应。

  业内专家告诉中新经纬,《通知》下发后,保险公司可能会根据自己的综合情况降价。中小财险公司受车险综合改革等因素影响,综合成本率仍处于较高水平,降价的可能性会小于大型财险公司。目前,车主的出险数据是联网的,但由于各公司的定价策略不同,承保同一车主的同一辆车,保费会有差异。大型保险公司由于承保量大,会在一定程度上摊平定价风险。所以,部分选择在大型保险公司投保的风险较高的车辆,相比在中小公司投保,其车险保费并没有太高。

  《通知》或对定价更细的公司更有利

  卡在原自主定价系数两端的业务或存发展机遇

  车险业务一直是多数财险公司重要业务板块。《通知》对财险公司将有哪些影响?

  资深精算师徐昱琛对中新经纬表示,整体而言,《通知》中对于商车险自主定价系数的调整,对定价更精细的公司来说更加有利。一般而言,公司规模越大,定价能力会越好,其精算力量以及在定价方面的研究力量会更大,具有规模效应。

  业内专家指出,除大型公司外,车企主机厂旗下的汽车保险公司或也能从此《通知》中受益。相比中小型财险公司,此类公司在数据和销售渠道都具有较大优势。不过,如何将优势转化到运营和定价方面,十分考验公司的整体经营能力。

  关于《通知》对公司业务端的影响,徐昱琛表示,此次商业车险自主定价系数调整后,对财险公司的两类业务影响比较大。一类是原自主定价系数为0.65的业务,另一类是原自主定价系数为1.35的业务。针对本身风险数据较好、驾驶员驾驶行为良好的车辆,保险公司可将其定价系数可以打得更低,来增强客户黏性。针对高风险车辆,如营运车辆,保险公司可以通过提高自主定价系数来平衡风险,并为其提供承保机会。

  中新经纬了解到,此前,对于高风险车辆,如摩托车、农用车、营运车、货车、皮卡车等,保险公司在承保时往往附加各种苛刻条件和繁琐程序。如摩托车在摩托车交强险保费测算时,保险公司需要根据摩托车车型、发动机排量来测算实际保费,并加收车船税。

  徐昱琛认为,整体看来,各公司能否通过自主定价系数的调整来实现业务突破,还需进一步观察。

  (文中观点仅供参考,不构成投资建议,投资有风险,入市需谨慎。)

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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